To mark the 199 anniversary of the formal Independence of Venezuela, and in this year Bicentennial of the same, the April 19, 1810, we take the atmosphere of celebration dates to present to you a contribution in the dissemination of knowledge Venezuelan history.
here and now continue the selection began last July and continued the month previous .
4. Twentieth century. [PART III]
populist-revolutionary Triennium, 1945-48:
Rómulo Betancourt. Manuel Caballero De . Posted by Alfa . It is not a classic biography but a study similar to the tyrant Gómez liberal, also the same author and reviewed, but here only show how to set the power around him, is shown rather the opposite: as a man ended up setting the way you see and understand the power in Venezuela during the twentieth century, just after the death of Gomez. And that is what is put into practice since 1945, when after the coup October 18, 1945 Rómulo Betancourt came to power, which is why we place this text right here. Manuel Caballero in this study defines Betancourt as a historic leader who not only know how to interpret your time but it is also able to edit or contribute decisively to change, and this is the case with the period which opens in three years 45 -48, where through the said coup access a new political generation that has nothing to do with what was in power until then: Gomecism. Betancourt was part and represented a sector of the student generation of 1928 , the same as the old dictator faced the Andes, and while it failed to oust him, would bury the generation that historically, because when Gomez died in 1935, youth of that generation who returned from exile or out of prison, worked hard to radically transform and modernize the country, leaving behind all atavism of dictatorship and barbarism as was the gomecismo. Betancourt through the program outlined in the plan Barranquilla of 1931 (very well explained in the book) present a social project for a nation that expects a different future that has given gomecista tyranny, despite the fact that between 1935 and 1945 post-gomecistas governments and Medina Lopez (which also had the support of the majority of the members of the Generation of '28) have moved decisively in the modernization and democratization of society, there is still much to do and perform, and that is precisely what will take AD and Betancourt from its assault on power in 1945, accelerating social achievements and economic policy of a country that wants to consolidate its modernization. The book explains very well both the run from 18 October of '45, as well as the work and management of the Revolutionary Government Betancourt presided over it for 3 years and the crisis that slid the 1948 coup , to bring down not Rómulo Gallegos only experiment in democracy and Betancourt-AD initiated three years earlier by the same mechanism: a coup. The text of course continues beyond the three-year period analyzed in this part of the literature and covers the entire life of the biography until 1981 when it dies, it is nevertheless a valuable work to study both this stage as all the others which Rómulo Betancourt was major player and stellar. Posee varias ediciones (más de 2) y tiene un precio algo costoso, pero vale la pena pagarlo. Se le consigue en casi cualquier librería del país, en especial las pertenecientes a las grandes cadenas comerciales.
El Betancurismo, 1945-1948 . De Oscar Bataglini . Publicado por Monte Ávila Editores Latinoamericana . Este es el estudio que correspondería ser la “segunda parte” del anterior trabajo del mismo autor, el Medinismo , el cual ya reseñamos el mes pasado. Presente un análisis bastante crítico de este período, por cierto uno de los menos estudiados hasta el momento, dejando entrever más que un review the governance of these three years, the assessment to the national project that is consolidated from October 18, 1945, which clearly broke with both the post-gomecismo, like the idea of \u200b\u200b"sowing the oil." It presents a highly critical view of the social and economic policies of Democratic Action, describing them as "populist." Handled a lot of data and statistics to support the judgments and opinions issued, although it should be noted throughout the text the author's animosity to both Betancourt and her party, which makes the views obviously interested in its purpose are also questionable and have to moderate them. The main value of this work is therefore to serve as a "balancer" or other version of the analysis of the process which begins on 18 October that it had come to power and been consolidated over time (even with the pause was dictatorial decade of the '50s), was victorious as a process that imposed for his version of events. Here is a different interpretation, that the reader must know that he can form a balanced and comprehensive conclusion of contemporary historical events. You get all the "South Libraries."
Rise and Fall Romulo Gallegos . By Simon Alberto Consalvi . Published by The Books of El Nacional. This is the second edition of this text, which includes updates and additions that were not in the original edition published by Monte Avila Editores, now exhausted. Here Consalvi shows a documentary series, unprecedented for its time, of texts found in the U.S. State Department on the tense years of the triennium 1945-48, especially the year '48 is that both marks the end of experiment initiated by AD October 18, and the brief Gallegos government. Consalvi had been a diplomat in the U.S. and took advantage of his stay there to visit the National Archives and gather information from Venezuela in that period, resulting as this interesting book. It should be noted that the text documentary shows a lot of information at the time, most successful and other highly unrealistic, but in both cases, demonstrating the high monitoring diplomat who had led Americans in the areas before the power shift had occurred in the country after 1945 and allowed the arrival of a new political-military cast absolutely unknown to them, perhaps because of the constant monitoring that included reports of political parties at the time, the military situation and the lessons Ambassador's interviews with political figures like Betancourt Gallegos Delgado Barrios or Chalbaud. The documents are preceded by a 45-page study prepared by Consalvi to present a context in which to locate the documentary heritage and deals with the political developments that lived Gallegos, an "intellectual given to politics," which eventually was rocked by violent currents arising from any struggle for power. In the study referred to among others, the anti-Machiavellian attitude in politics Gallegos is judged fatal to react to the events that precipitate its fall, and Truman's diplomatic reaction before the coup that link exchange correspondence between him and Gallegos. The book concludes with a new documentary from the research of history Margarita Lopez Maya, a memorandum of the interview that took place between Gen. López Contreras with the Department of State, when the former president actively plotting to overthrow the government adeco . It gets you in almost any major bookstore chains.
Graphic History of Venezuela. Volume 3 . Compiled by Jose Rivas Rivas publishes Editor Center, Inc. is the volume that corresponds to both the mandate of the Revolutionary Government, 1945-48, chaired by the brief government and Betancourt Gallegos. There are press reports compiled from the hectic populist and revolutionary triennium AD, emphasizing of course the elections, the Constituent Assembly , conspiracies and uprisings, the first universal and direct elections take Gallegos to power, the economic and social and the creation of unions and the "fifty-fifty " oil. The book includes an appendix documentary that mentioned, among others, extracts from the Constitution of 1947, personal testimonies of Medina Angarita and others on October 18th of '45 and the Charter of Uslar Pietri Betancourt. You get directly through the publisher and a digitized version .
military dictatorship, 1948-58
Graphic History of Venezuela. Tomos 4 to 6 . Compiled by Jose Rivas Rivas, published Centro Editor, SA Here are the 3 volumes covering the period of military dictatorship (1948-1958) and certainly we dare to consider the most popular of this series, because when this collection originally appeared (in the 60 century) was aimed to remind people to make a historical period too recent and incredibly in less than 15 years, people looked have forgotten. So people, mainly in Caracas only remember the years of military dictatorship only by its buildings and construction materials, all standing and very monumental, which exhibited a very positive image, compared to the commonness of the democratic era fraught with 
numerous political and social problems, which were seen as "negative." The three volumes show a rather eloquent major aspects of the military regime, highlighting the events took 4 for the two Boards government from 1948 to 1952, with events like the overthrow of Gallegos, the persecution of the AD party, the assassination Delgado Chalbaud, restructuring of the military junta and the 1952 elections with its own and known outcome. The remaining volumes are concentrated in the government Marcos Pérez Jiménez course emphasizing the opening of large public works (highways, avenues, government buildings and military facilities) presidential visits abroad, and the arrest or killing of political leaders involved in subversive plans against the regime. 
is noted that in each volume the news is censored, why the press plays a role merely informational and publicity of the achievements of the current government, pointing only the opponents and never criticizing some aspect of the military regime. Each volume contains his respect
Annex, including: Extracts from the "black book of the dictatorship", the forensic report of the death of Delgado Chalbaud, Extracts The Constitution of 1953 and manifestos against the dictatorship of the years '57 and 58. As we have consistently stated, the book is done directly through the publisher and a digitized version.
General Speaks. In Agustín Blanco Muñoz. Published by the Chair "Pio Tamayo (Volume 8 of the series" Testimonials violent ") of the Universidad Central de Venezuela, UCV. Is the most comprehensive interview with the former dictator, General Marcos Pérez Jiménez to a Venezuelan researcher, and is required reading to understand and comprehend the point of view of this character who rose to being very active since 1945 and finally achieved in 1952 making power in what would be the last dictator of the twentieth-century Venezuela. Here the historian Blanco Muñoz, who made a series of testimonial work on violence in Venezuela in that century, makes the former dictatorial president expressed his opinion on a variety of topics of national life, before, during and after its management, including what would be answering uncomfortable questions about the most controversial aspects of its mandate: the repression, murder, political and administrative corruption. As expected, the testimony of character as it as a memoir or an autobiography, seeks to justify his administration and his time in national political history, attacking and blaming those who according to their opinion, would be guilty of errors and failures, being of course quite controversial in their judgments and opinions. At the time the book was a bestseller and turned out a work that aroused passions, some of indignation by a voice concédesele who during his tenure it is not granted to anyone, and welcome others to "get justice" was a character as a victim of the political system established in 1958, to the point that fans of Pérez Jiménez and apologists of the military regime, this book would become a special of "reference book." Beyond the decrease or apology to the character and governing style, the book fulfills very well the function will be the other version of history is always necessary to take into ditch to weight the analysis of historical process and allow the reader amplitude just to get the best possible conclusions. Still gets you into the seat of the Chair "Pio Tamayo and incredibly low prices.
January 23: Talk of the conspiracy. De Agustín Blanco Muñoz, also published by the Chair "Pío Tamayo, Faculty of Economics, Social UCV published jointly with the Ateneo de Caracas. Belonging to the same series already mentioned, this is 1 volume for it. Here are collected the testimonies of the most important players date that marked both the end of the last dictatorship of the twentieth century and the beginning of the democratic system in our history stronger Republican. We present a under very different views, both civilians and some soldiers who participated in the preparations, as in the date itself and the subsequent government immediately. There is certainly an interest of the researcher-interviewer to present date, not as an isolated incident, but rather as a process involving him to continue his march, and indeed, the research of historian suggests Blanco Muñoz that, for the following volumes of his fiction series will discuss the events following the January 23, in particular the armed guerrilla struggle of the '60s and that we will see outlined in our Bicentennial Bibliography. Concerning the current text, the book seeks to somehow get to know not only the most famous of the date, but also provide light of the less known or controversial, so-called "loose ends" that addressed precisely to try to serve to give this book, a novel and non-repetitive nature of a date, which for many years was the country over and over again, unfortunately lost its meaning and content to people. So worth reading the book and soak up the view of those who were the protagonists and witnesses of those times, for the reader to engage again the importance of the date and historical significance. It basically gets you in the seat of the Chair "Pio Tamayo" very good.
continue next month ...
Thanks for reading!
Dantesol
0 comments:
Post a Comment